The Government has determined that the science and technology market needs a clear and transparent operating mechanism to become a driving force for real innovation. This is an important step in affirming the role of the State in proactively perfecting institutions and designing specific "rules of the game" for this market, aiming to lead economic growth in the digital and high-tech era. However, reality shows that although the State invests thousands of billions of VND each year in research, most of the results have not been converted into commercial products due to the lack of legal mechanisms, appropriate infrastructure and an effective intermediary system.

Vietnam's unique science and technology market still faces many challenges in terms of organization and operation. Transaction activities still mainly take place through bilateral agreements, while new technology exchanges only provide small-scale services, such as training, providing intellectual property information, and organizing events, but are not yet capable of taking on the role of professional intermediaries. This causes information asymmetry, high transaction costs, and a lack of trust among participants. At the same time, the State's support policies are still scattered and lack chain connections, leading to funding programs mainly supporting individual research tasks, lacking post-research support mechanisms to bring results to the market, making it difficult for businesses to perfect and apply technology.

In the recent years, the Government's directives have clearly shown the orientation of perfecting institutions and developing science and technology market infrastructure, aiming to promote comprehensive innovation. Directive No. 25/CT-TTg of the Prime Minister has identified the goal of building a modern science and technology market, synchronized with intermediary organizations connecting supply and demand. The report of the committee on monitoring the implementation of policies for the period of 2018-2022 proposed comprehensive amendments to relevant laws to clarify the subjects, scope, responsibilities and authority in developing this market, while focusing on perfecting institutions, promoting commercialization of research results and developing science and technology enterprises. To achieve this goal, experts emphasized the need for a clear legal framework, including specific regulations on subjects, scope, responsibilities, authority, and the formation of a national exchange, thereby creating a solid foundation for the science and technology market to develop more sustainably and effectively in the future.